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I love tuberose because of its fragrant and attractive flowers. Its flowers look fresh for a long time. The flowers are white in color. The garland is made from onion flowers. Which women use as makeup. Onion flowers are also used in Ayurvedic medicine.
Aromatic oil is found in onion flowers. Therefore, its flowers are in great demand in the market. Oil extracted from onion flowers is used in making perfumes and colognes. Perfumes and colognes made from its oil are among the most expensive perfumes and colognes on the market.
No special soil is required for tuber cultivation. It can also be grown in lightly alkaline and acidic soils. Hot and humid climate is ideal for its cultivation. It is widely grown in India, West Bengal, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu and Uttar Pradesh.
If you want to cultivate it, today we will give you complete information about its cultivation.
Suitable soil
Tuber cultivation requires well drained clay and sandy soil. In addition to clay and sandy loam, it can be grown in many other types of soil. For this the soil fertilizer capacity should be good. It can also be grown in lightly alkaline and acidic soils. For which the pH value of soil should be 6.5 to 7.5.
Climate and temperature
Tuberculosis is mainly grown in temperate climates. In hot and humid climate, onion flowers grow better. So its production gets better. Land should be available in open space for tuber cultivation. Because it cannot be grown in shade. Its production is low in shady places. Its flowers need more sunlight to grow.
Temperature of 20 to 35 degrees is suitable for tuber cultivation. Its plants give good yields at this temperature. So too much heat and cold is not suitable for its cultivation.
Improved variety of tuberoses
There are several varieties of onion which are widely grown in India. Many of these breeds have been bred in India through hybridization. All varieties of tuberose are placed in the category of monosius and double varieties.
Single grade varieties
In this class of species the petals come in a single line.
Silver line
This is a single class of bulbs. Which is jointly developed by NBRI and NBR. Its flowers have silver and white stripes. And its leaves are golden.
Makeup
It is a single grade hybrid variety of onion. J NBRI Bangalore has created a hybrid of Mexican single and double. Its flowers are large in size. It has a light pink color on its bud. Flower production of this variety is easily available up to 20 quintals per hectare.
Blazing
This breed has also been bred by NBRI Bangalore through Mexican Single Cross Breeding. The flowers of this species are bigger and heavier than the flowers of the ornamental species. The yield per hectare of Shringar flowers has been found to be 22% higher.
Double grade varieties
In this type the flower petals come in several rows.
Golden line
This double grade variety is mainly used for decoration. Its diversity has been created by NBRI Lucknow through gamma rays. Yellow streaks are found on the edges of the leaves of this type of plant.
Suvasini
The yield of this variety is higher than that of many other double quality varieties. The flowers of this species are large in size. This breed is bred by NBRI Bangalore through Mexican single and double cross breeding.
Splendor
This variety of tuber is known as higher yielding variety as compared to Suvasini variety. Its flowers are white. The flower buds are green. Its flowers are used as cut flowers.
Plowing the field
Proper plowing of the field is essential for planting tubers. The first plowing of the field should be done with palau. After a few days, plow the field well. After plowing, apply manure in the field and mix it in the soil. After that the field should be irrigated and the soil should be finely plowed. And at the same time create a field level.
Time and method of sowing seeds
Tuber is grown in the plains in February and March. Planting should be done in May and June in hilly areas. When planted in March and June, the plant flowers in large numbers. Because its flowers need enough sunlight.
Tubers are grown in two ways. If onions are planted to extract oil from plants, it is advisable to plant them at a distance of 15 cm in a line of 20 cm. But if the crop wants to get flowers from the trees, then the plants should be planted in rows at a distance of 20 cm. Its seedlings are planted in the field only on flat land. One lakh seedlings can be planted per acre.
Plant irrigation
The first watering should be done immediately after sowing the onion seeds in the field. The field must then be kept moist until the seeds germinate. For which water should be given as required. If you are planting sprouted seeds in the field, the field must already have moisture. There is no need for immediate irrigation during this period.
After the seedlings have sprouted, they need more irrigation. After germination, 7 to 10 irrigations are required till the flower is ready. However, irrigation is not required during monsoon.
Fertilizer quantity
Fertilizer capacity of the field should be good for tuber production. For this, after the first plowing of the field, 10 to 15 carts of old manure and compost should be thrown in the field. In addition, NPK should be sprayed at the rate of 1: 2: 1 per hectare and mixed in the field.
After the seeds have fully germinated, spray 50 kg urea per hectare in the field. After 20 to 30 days of flowering, spray the plants with an appropriate mixture of urea, orthophosphoric acid and potassium citrate. As a result, more flowers appear on the tree.
Blue weed removal
Weeds are more harmful in tuber cultivation. Because it causes many diseases to the plant. For this reason, weeds should be removed by shoveling the plants. And plant the soil. Tuber planting requires 2 to 3 shoots. The first weeding should be done one month after sowing the seeds. After that weeding should be done at intervals of 15 days.
Spray Atrazine or Diuran in the field before planting to destroy its chemical weeds.
Plant diseases
Many types of diseases are found in tuber plants. But its plants get more diseases due to pests and fungi.
Stem rot
The disease is caused by Sclerosium Roll Downy Mildew on trees. Outbreaks appear to be exacerbated by green spots on the upper surface of the leaves. After a few days the leaves fall off the peat. The biggest difference due to this disease is seen in the product. For its prevention, spray near the roots of malathion or rogue plants.
Grass hopper
The disease is transmitted to plants through kits. This pest damages the plant by eating its leaves and flowers. To prevent this, spray malathion on the plant.
Mhow and thrips
The disease is also caused by pests on plants. In this disease the insects on the plant are very small in size. Which is found to be green or yellow in color. These insects destroy plants by absorbing the sap of leaves, flowers and stalks. Appropriate amount of Monocrotophos should be sprayed on the seedlings to control this type of disease.
Sprout rot
The disease is caused by the fungus Irbini spasida on plants. When the disease starts, the buds of the tree turn brown. Then its buds dry up and die. When the disease starts, spray streptocycline 500 ppm on the plants.
Nematode
In plants, the disease is more common in their roots. The pest destroys the roots and tubers of trees. So the tree dries up and dries up. Spray Carbofuran or Thimate as soon as the symptoms appear on the plant.
Tobacco mosaic virus
It is a viral disease of plants. Also known as Tube Rose Mild Mosaic Virus. At the onset of the disease, small spots appear on the leaves of the plant. And after a few days the whole plant was destroyed. Only certified seeds should be taken for its prevention. In addition, Fipronil should be sprayed on the plants when their symptoms appear on the plants.
Cutting flowers
Tuberculosis starts flowering about 4 months after transplanting. These flowers should be cut only when the flowers are in full bloom. But if you want to cut the flower for cut flower, then after two-three flowers are boiled at the bottom, the stalk should be cut off from the tree. Its flowers should be wrapped in cotton cloth and kept in shade.
Its flower stalk should be cut from 5 cm. This does not injure the tree bulb. Which can be uprooted and then replanted. After removing the bulb, the bulb is immersed in carbendazim and water for half an hour.
Onion flowers can be stored for up to 17 days. This makes it easier to send over long distances.
Production and profit 
About 80 quintals of flowers can be obtained from one hectare of onion. The market price is fixed at Rs. 20 per kg. Therefore, farmers can easily earn up to one and a half to two lakhs at a time. So its bulb can easily grow three times less at low cost. Which does not even affect income. And second-year earnings have also increased.
